Acanthaceae. A checklist of the total vascular plant flora of Singapore: native, naturalised and cultivated species., Singapore, Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, National University of Singapore. India Biodiversity, 2014. Negative: On Sep 27, 2010, eliasastro from Athens, Greece (Zone 10a) wrote: Very fast growing, it covers everything on it's way and looks weedy. Thunbergia fragrans Name Synonyms Meyenia longiflora Benth. Beltsville, Maryland, USA: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory. Fragrant thunbergia (Thunbergia fragrans) is widely cultivated in tropical and sub-tropical regions for its attractive white flowers. Bhutan, India, Nepal and Sri Lanka), south-eastern Asia (i.e. http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2, Florence J, Chevillotte H, Ollier C, Meyer JY, 2013. 51-108. Hancock IR; Henderson CP, 1988. It has become an exotic weed in many tropical countries. 209. A Global Compendium of Weeds. quadrangular) and somewhat hairy (i.e. Report to the Kingdom of Tonga on invasive plant species of environmental concern., Hawaii, USA: USDA Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. peduncles) emanating from the leaf forks (i.e. Distinguishing features. Database inventory of introduced plant species in the rural and urban zones of Galapagos. Listado de las Plantas Vasculares del Departamento de Antioquia:939 pp. The plant is sometimes harvested from the wild for local use as a food and medicine. Beautés fatales: Acanthaceae species as invasive alien plants on tropical Indo-Pacific islands. Daniel TF, 2010. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, 51:483 pp. Acevedo-Rodríguez P, Strong M T, 2012. Swarbrick JT, 1997. Mito T; Uesugi T, 2004. Daniel TF, 2010. Figure 4: Thunbergia fragrans. riparian areas), urban bushland, disturbed sites, roadsides and plantation crops in tropical and sub-tropical regions. as an ornamental), with stem fragments and seeds subsequently being spread in dumped garden waste. 1), 22-96. along with discussion & documentation of Indian Flora. India Biodiversity, 2014. Honolulu, USA: HEAR, University of Hawaii. Figure 5: Thunbergia grandiflora. Invasive weedy angiosperms in Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia. http://www.cabi.org/isc/FullTextPDF/2013/20133109119.pdf. (Lista nacional de especies de plantas invasoras y potencialmente invasoras en la República de Cuba - 2011). Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide, T. fragrans is an herbaceous fast-growing vine widely cultivated as an ornamental in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, but it is also a common weed in moist disturbed areas, in particular along roadsides (. Checklist of the vascular plants of Belize. In Australia, T. fragrans grows as a weed in riverbanks (i.e., riparian vegetation), closed forests, forest margins, plantation crops, roadsides, urban bushland, disturbed sites and waste areas in tropical and subtropical habitats (Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, 2011). Duration: Perennial Growth Habit: Vine Hawaii Native Status: Introduced. Acanthaceae or Crossandra or Thunbergia family Light: Sun growing, Semi shade Water: Normal, Can tolerate more Primarily grown for: Flowers Flowering season: January, February, March Flower or Inflorescence color: Various colored flowers available viz., Yellow, Orange, Red Foliage color: Green Plant Height or length: http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2, Florence J; Chevillotte H; Ollier C; Meyer J-Y, 2013. Native to the Indian Sub-continent (i.e. T. fragrans is an herbaceous fast-growing vine widely cultivated as an ornamental in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, but it is also a common weed in moist disturbed areas, in particular along roadsides (Starr et al., 2003; Randall, 2012). Phylogenetic relationships among Acanthaceae: evidence from two genomes. Weeds of the Pacific Islands. Teas and medicinal Baton Rouge, USA: National Plant Data Center. Washington, DC, USA: Smithsonian Institution. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Special edition of Environmental Weeds of Australia for Biosecurity Queensland., Australia: The University of Queensland and Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries. In addition, seeds are available from nurseries on the internet. New York, USA: Dorling Kindersley Publishing, 1104 pp. 2. its oppositely arranged leaves (4-10 cm long and 3-5 cm wide) have arrow-shaped bases and slightly lobed to almost entire margins. This shrub has small, ovate leaves with entire margins borne opposite on thin, brown stems. Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium, 24:51-108. var. San Francisco, USA: California Academy of Sciences. Online Database. Smith A C, 1981. http://ecflora.cavehill.uwi.edu/index.html, CABI, Undated. Zuloaga FO; Morrone O; Belgrano MJ; Marticorena C; Marchesi E, 2008. USDA-ARS, 2014. The species T. alata, T.fragrans, and T. laurifolia have also been described as invasive species in ... and is commonly planted to cover fences and walls in gardens in warm climates. They have margins that vary from being slightly lobed, to toothed (i.e. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of this information, DEEDI does not invite reliance upon it, nor accept responsibility for any loss or damage caused by actions based on it. Description Top of page. Daniel TF, 1995. Check List of Hong Kong Plants. Diversity and Distributions, 10(5/6):333-347. ), Panama: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, 599 pp. Invasive alien species in Japan: the status quo and new regulations for prevention of their adverse effects. This species reproduces by seeds and also vegetatively via fragments of stems and roots. Special qualities: Tolerates drought no Tolerates high humidity no Tolerates seaside conditions no Insect resistant no Disease resistant no Deer resistant no Best uses Symbiosis Attracts butterflies no Attracts hummingbirds no Autumn foliage no Colorful berries no Desirable qualities Other interest Other interest color Other interest period Funk V; Hollowell T; Berry P; Kelloff C; Alexander SN, 2007. Cui, Highly adaptable to different environments, Tolerates, or benefits from, cultivation, browsing pressure, mutilation, fire etc, Benefits from human association (i.e. How Thunbergia Grandiflora is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. PIER, 2014. Thunbergia is a genus of flowering plants native to tropical regions of Africa, Madagascar and southern Asia.. Its members are known by various names, including Thunbergias and Clockvine. The genus Thunbergia includes about 90 species of ... 2012). Catalog of Honduran Acanthaceae with taxonomic and phytogeographic notes. In the West Indies, this species grows as a weed in disturbed areas and along forest edges (Adams, 1972; Broome et al., 2007; Oviedo Prieto et al., 2012). Database inventory of introduced plant species in the rural and urban zones of Galapagos. The flowers are about 2 cm wide and have a subtle, cream-colored center instead of the black-eyed one of the Thunbergia alata. Flora Vitiensis Nova: A new flora of Fiji. Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela (New catalogue of the vascular flora of Venezuela). (Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela)., Caracas, Venezuela: Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela. For effective control, apply the herbicide when the plant is actively growing (Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, 2011). This species has recently been recorded at several locations in the coastal districts of eastern Queensland. its distinctive fruit capsule is topped with a long, thick, beak. Bissea: Boletín sobre Conservación de Plantas del Jardín Botánico Nacional de Cuba. 273 pp. by Breedlove DE]. DOI:10.1111/j.1366-9516.2004.00059.x. It is regarded as a potentially significant environmental weed in Queensland (Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, 2011). characteristic features. Grubben GJH, Denton OA, eds. Beltsville, Maryland, USA: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory. Tropical ornamentals. Adams C D, 1972. Flora of China Editorial Committee, 2014. fragrans, Thunbergia grandiflora Roxb., Thunbergia hossei Clarke, Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl., Thunbergia similis Craib, Thunbergia fragrans Roxb. This herbicide should be applied in a ratio of 7.5 ml/L water. Correa A, Galdames MDC, Stapf MNS, 2004. The risk of introduction of T. fragrans is very high. Efloraofindia (earlier Indiantreepix) is the largest Google e-group in the world in this field & largest nature related in India devoted to creating awareness, helping in identification etc. Each flower is subtended by two leafy bracts (13-15 mm long) that are either egg-shaped in outline (i.e. 79 pp. http://botany.si.edu/Antilles/WestIndies/catalog.htm. to ensure you have the latest version of this fact sheet. Flowering plants of Jamaica. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany, 98:1192 pp. It is recorded in the US National Herbarium from collections made in 1845 on St Thomas Island (US Virgin Islands), in 1874 in Trinidad, and in 1885 in Puerto Rico. It is a fast-growing vine which has been intentionally introduced as an ornamental in many tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regions where it has escaped and naturalized becoming a serious threat for native plant communities (Starr et al., 2003; Meyer and Lavergne, 2004). Database inventory of introduced plant species in the rural and urban zones of Galapagos. 818 pp. leaf and mature fruit (Photo: Land Protection, QDNRW) almost entire leaves (Photo: Sheldon Navie) An excellent book, giving information on over 200 plants, their medicinal compounds and applications. Leaves opposite; blades 6.5-11 × 1.8-6 cm, ovate to lanceolate, chartaceous, the apex acute, the base truncate or subcordiform; margins undulate and ciliate; upper surface dark green, glabrous or somewhat scabrous; lower surface pale green, dull, puberulous, with prominent venation; petiole 2-3.5 cm long, slender, pubescent, sulcate, with the base somewhat dilated. Propagation is from stem cuttings or shoots from the tuberous roots. 76 pp. Common name(s) White Thunbergia, Fragrant Thunbergia (CLASS 1) Flower colour; life form. Diversity and Distributions, 10(2):113-123. Considering that T. fragrans spreads sexually by seeds and vegetatively by cuttings, stem fragments, and roots, the likelihood of invading and colonizing new habitats remains high. Meyer J Y, Lavergne C, 2004. Acevedo-Rodríguez P; Strong MT, 2012. 1999). Wagner WI; Herbst DR; Sohmer SH, 1999. Species in the genus Thunbergia have bisexual, zygomorphic, axillary, and usually solitary flowers (Acevedo-Rodríguez, 2005). Idárraga-Piedrahita A; Ortiz RDC; Callejas Posada R; Merello M, 2011. Thunbergia fragrans . Plants of the Eastern Caribbean., Barbados: University of the West Indies. Space JC, Flynn T, 2002. These species can be distinguished by the following differences: Fact sheets are available from Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation (DEEDI) service centres and our Customer Service Centre (telephone 13 25 23). Thunbergia fragrans. This naturalized ornamental garden plant is native to India and other parts of Asia. Charles Darwin Foundation, 2008. 6 (Special Issue No. unpaginated. Portland, Oregon, USA: Timber Press. Check our website at www.biosecurity.qld.gov.au Plants of Hawaii. St. Louis, Missouri and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: Missouri Botanical Garden and Harvard University Herbaria. Global Environmental Research, 8(2):171-191. Balick MJ; Nee M; Atha DE, 2000. The most rarely used plants are medicinal plants such as Sauropus amoebiflorus Airy Shaw, Thunbergia fragrans Roxb., Bridelia retusa Spreng., and Wendlandia tinctoria DC. [English title not available]. 848 pp. ... in their chemical structure may be responsible for their biological activities and hence justifies their nutritive and medicinal uses T. fragrans dies to the ground for the winter but returns every summer in Gainesville FL z9a, and produces flowers right up until frost. Capsules 1-2.5 cm long, depressed-globose at the base, the upper half in the form of a beak, dehiscent in two halves; seeds 4, globose, approximately 5 mm in diameter, pubescent, with a depression at the base (Acevedo-Rodríguez, 2005). CABI is a registered EU trademark. Caracas, Venezuela: Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela, 860 pp. Variation in the shape, size, pubescence, and margin form of the leaves is extensive in T. fragrans, and taxa have been recognized based on these characters (Flora of China Editorial Committee, 2014). Invasive alien species in Japan: the status quo and the new regulation for prevention of their adverse effects. Compendium record. It is commonly grown as an ornamental, being valued especially for its large, violet or white flowers[ Proceedings of the California Academy of Science, 61:289-377. National list of invasive and potentially invasive plants in the Republic of Cuba - 2011. Thunbergia fragrans is a cold tender species in most of the Coastal Southeast. Wageningen, Netherlands: Plant Resources of Tropical Africa. In Hawaii, T. fragrans is a common weed in moist disturbed lowland areas (Wagner et al., 1999). Plants of the Eastern Caribbean. It is a fast-growing perennial herbaceous climber.

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